PUBLICATION ETHICS
The Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement of Diwan: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab is enforced by several authoritative institutions, namely the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), and Regulation of the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 2021 concerning Academic Integrity in Scientific Paper.
1. General Publication Policy
a. All parties involved in the publication process — including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher — are required to uphold the editorial policies of the Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University Imam Bonjol Padang.
b. The publisher guarantees that it will not exert any undue influence on editorial decisions regarding the acceptance or rejection of manuscripts.
c. Published articles must be protected against defamation, copyright infringement, plagiarism, and other legal or ethical violations.
d. All submitted manuscripts must undergo peer review before publication, with the aim of ensuring that published research makes a meaningful and valid scholarly contribution.
e. To preserve the integrity of the review process, editors and reviewers are prohibited from disclosing each other's identities to authors, and vice versa.
f. Editorial decisions are made solely on the basis of the manuscript's relevance to the journal's scope, its scholarly impact, and its overall academic quality.
2. Responsibilities and Rights of Editors
a. Roles and Responsibilities
1) Editor-in-Chief. The Editor-in-Chief holds ultimate authority over the editorial direction of Diwan and the decision to publish submitted manuscripts.
2) Managing Editor. The Editor-in-Chief delegates day-to-day editorial management to the Managing Editor, who coordinates the distribution of manuscripts to the editorial board for internal review and manages the publication schedule in consultation with the Editor-in-Chief.
3) Section Editor. The Section Editor serves as the primary evaluator and liaison between authors and reviewers, overseeing the evaluation, revision, recommendation, and feedback process. The Section Editor provides recommendations to the Managing Editor and Editor-in-Chief regarding publication decisions.
4) Copyeditor. The Copyeditor is responsible for proofreading and layout editing. Duties include formatting manuscripts in accordance with the journal template, verifying references and grammar, and converting files to PDF for publication.
b. Publication Decisions. The Section Editor of Diwan is responsible for determining which manuscripts will be published, in consultation with reviewers where necessary. Once a manuscript has been approved, the Section Editor authorizes it to proceed to layout formatting, reference and grammar verification, and file conversion from .DOC to .PDF. The manuscript is then forwarded to the Managing Editor, who schedules it for publication. If the maximum number of articles per issue has been reached, the manuscript will be scheduled for the subsequent issue. The Editor-in-Chief retains final authority over all publication decisions.
c. Fair Play. During the manuscript evaluation process, editors must not take into account the author's race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, nationality, or political views.
d. Confidentiality. All manuscripts under review are to be treated as confidential documents. Manuscript details may only be disclosed to the assigned Section Editor and Reviewers on a strictly need-to-know basis.
e. Involvement and Cooperation in Investigations. When an allegation of ethical misconduct concerning a published article is received by Diwan, the editor must take prompt and appropriate action. The Managing Editor will inform the corresponding author, consult the Editorial Board, and carefully consider any objections raised. Necessary action — which may include issuing a correction, issuing an expression of concern, or retracting the article — will be taken accordingly. All allegations of unethical conduct will be investigated thoroughly, regardless of when the article was published.
f. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
1) Editors must not use manuscript material or data submitted to Diwan for personal benefit, unless the author has given explicit permission and the material has been published in the final version of the manuscript.
2) Information or ideas obtained through the review process must be kept strictly confidential and must not be used for personal advantage.
3) Editors who have themselves published articles in Diwan are required to recuse themselves from any evaluation of manuscripts submitted by the same authors. Such manuscripts will be handled by other editors.
3. Responsibilities and Rights of Reviewers
a. Contribution to Editorial Decisions. Reviewers provide the Section Editor with expert assessments and recommendations to assist in deciding whether to accept, revise, or reject a manuscript submitted to Diwan.
b. Promptness. Reviewers are expected to complete their review within the allocated timeframe. If additional time is required, reviewers must inform the Section Editor promptly. If a reviewer is unable to complete the review within the designated period, the manuscript will be reassigned to another reviewer.
c. Confidentiality. All manuscripts submitted for review must be treated as strictly confidential documents. Reviewers must not share or discuss a manuscript with any third party without the explicit approval of the Section Editor.
d. Standards of Objectivity. Reviews must be conducted objectively and without personal bias toward the author. Reviewers are required to provide clear, substantiated assessments that are directly relevant to the content of the manuscript, supported by appropriate reasoning and evidence.
e. Acknowledgment of Sources. Reviewers must identify relevant published works that the authors have failed to cite. Every claim, observation, or argument in the manuscript should be supported by appropriate citations to the existing literature. Reviewers should also notify the Section Editor of any significant overlap between the manuscript under review and previously published work in other journals.
f. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest. Reviewers must not use manuscript materials or data submitted to Diwan for personal benefit, and must not share unpublished material without the author's explicit permission. Information obtained through the review process must be kept confidential. Reviewers must not consider the author's race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, nationality, or political views when evaluating a manuscript.
4. Responsibilities and Rights of Authors
a. Reporting Standards. Authors must report the findings of their research accurately, impartially, and in sufficient detail for others to assess and, where relevant, replicate the work. Authors must not alter, falsify, or fabricate data. All claims must be properly attributed and cited.
b. Data Access, Retention, and Reproducibility. Authors are encouraged to make the raw data underlying their research available for editorial review upon request, and to retain such data for a reasonable period following publication. Authors are responsible for ensuring the reproducibility of their reported findings.
c. Originality and Plagiarism. Authors must ensure that their manuscript represents fully original work. Any use of the work of other scholars, including direct quotations and paraphrases, must be appropriately acknowledged and cited. Plagiarism in any form constitutes a serious breach of publication ethics.
d. Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Submissions. Authors must not submit the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal. Concurrent submission of identical or substantially similar work to multiple publication venues is considered unethical and will result in immediate rejection.
e. Acknowledgment of Sources. Authors are required to acknowledge all data sources, prior studies, and other works that have informed or been incorporated into their research. Appropriate attribution must be provided for all cited material.
f. Authorship and Contributorship. Authorship should be restricted to individuals who have made a substantial contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported research. All persons who have contributed significantly should be listed as co-authors. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.
g. Errors in Published Works. If authors discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published article, they must notify the editor or publisher promptly and cooperate in issuing a correction or, if necessary, a retraction.
h. Research Involving Human or Animal Subjects. Any research involving unusual risks to human or animal subjects, or involving the use of hazardous substances, procedures, or equipment, must be clearly identified in the manuscript. Authors must confirm that the research was conducted in accordance with applicable ethical guidelines and, where required, that ethical approval was obtained from a recognized authority.
i. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest. Authors must disclose any financial or other interests that could be perceived as influencing the findings or interpretation of the research. All sources of funding for the study must be acknowledged in the manuscript.
5. Allegations of Research Misconduct
Research misconduct includes the deliberate fabrication or falsification of data, citation manipulation, and plagiarism at any stage of the research, review, or publication process. When research misconduct is suspected in a manuscript submitted to or published in Diwan, the editorial team will follow COPE's best-practice guidelines in assessing and responding to the allegation. If misconduct is suspected in a submitted manuscript, the submission will be rejected pending investigation. If misconduct is identified in a published article, the article will be retracted and a retraction notice appended. The investigation will proceed as follows:
a. The allegation is assessed to determine whether it constitutes a plausible claim of research misconduct.
b. The corresponding author is informed of the allegation and invited to respond.
c. The editorial team evaluates the response and takes appropriate action, which may include issuing a correction notice, publishing a letter of clarification, or retracting the article.
d. Institutions of the authors involved may be notified where warranted.
6. Complaints and Appeals
Diwan maintains a clear procedure for handling complaints concerning the journal, its editorial processes, or individual editors and reviewers. Complaints — including those relating to editorial misconduct, citation manipulation, or peer review irregularities — will be addressed in accordance with COPE guidelines and communicated to the relevant parties.
7. Ethical Oversight
Research involving human or animal subjects, sensitive personal data, or commercially confidential information must be clearly identified in the manuscript. Authors are responsible for ensuring that appropriate ethical approval has been obtained and that data is handled securely and in accordance with applicable legal and ethical standards.
8. Intellectual Property and Copyright
The intellectual property and copyright policy of Diwan: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab is described in the Copyright Policy.
9. Peer Review Process
The peer review process evaluates submitted manuscripts based on novelty, methodological soundness, scholarly rigor, and theoretical contribution. Reviewer comments are communicated to authors to guide revision. The Section Editor considers reviewer recommendations before issuing a final editorial decision. Full details of the review process are provided in the Review Process Policy.
10. Plagiarism Screening
Diwan screens all submitted manuscripts for plagiarism and will reject any submission exhibiting a similarity index above 20%. Full details are provided in the Plagiarism Policy.
11. Post-Publicatio Discussions and Corrections
Diwan welcomes post-publication commentary and corrections from readers. Readers who wish to submit a discussion or correction should contact the Editor-in-Chief by email. If approved, the contribution will be published in a subsequent issue as a Letter to the Editor. Authors may respond to such contributions by submitting a Reply Letter to the Editor-in-Chief, which the Editor-in-Chief may publish accordingly.
12. Manuscript Withdrawal Policy
The policy governing manuscript withdrawal, retraction, and replacement in Diwan is described in the Withdrawal and Retraction Policy.
